Meduna was educated in Budapest. Despite the fact that his work on carbohydrate metabolism was confirmed all over the world, including Norway and Israel, the work was lightly dismissed by Kety, an influential professor at Harvard. Kety was probably wrong.
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Shown here is Elmer Southard of Harvard Medical School. Southard was a neuropathologist who was born in 1876 and died in 1920. Southard reported fat deposits in the brain in "dementia praecox", which is now called "schizophrenia". Similar findings were reported by Henry Cotton, Alois Alzheimer, and others. These fat deposits suggest that the brain is not burning fat, but rather is creating fat. Thus schizophrenia is different from diabetes mellitus.
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Shown here is a young Linus Pauling and his family, including Linus Pauling Jr.
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Shown here is DMPEA, which is called homoveratrylamine by Interchem.com, the source of this clipart picture. It is one of many situations in medicine where the same thing is given two different names. This substance is only found in schizophrenics. It may cause the error in brain carbohydrate metabolism.
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This clipart of the brain was taken from Yahoo Reference. They took it from an old anatomy book. It was one of the versions of Gray's Anatomy. Gray was a brilliant 19th century English anatomist.
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This clipart from High School Hub shows glucose metabolism in a simplified diagram. The result is ATP, which is a from of stored energy needed for reactions in the cell. It is this metabolism that is abnormal in schizophrenia. The metabolism of glucose is too slow. This is disastrous to the brain, which depends very heavily upon this metabolism.
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Reports of positive neuropathology findings in the brain in mental disease date back to Karl Kahlbaum (1828-1899) of Germany and even before. Kahlbaum reported various positive findings, but he was unable to understand the meaning of these findings other than the fact that "catatonia" was organic. Kahlbaum's findings were gross. It was not until microscopic findings were analyzed by later workers that some meaning could be attributed to the results.
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Shown here is J. L. W. Thudichum, a brilliant German chemist. He was born in 1829 and died in 1901. He decided that an analysis of the chemistry of the brain would be very useful. He is now recognized as having been a brilliant scientist.
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In 1968 Linus Pauling put forward the theory that mental illnesses were caused by biochemical errors localized to the brain. As treatment he recommended the use of natural substances. Shown here is a 1968 painting by Andy Warhol. When Warhol ws asked why he made this painting, his reply was that this was his lunch for years! It may be that the use of natural substances such as those found in tomatos, including polyphenols, may be the answere. Tomatos include complex carbohydrates, water, vitamins, minerals, and other beneficial nutrients. Fiber may be good for a number of diseases, including the prevention of colon cancer.
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Shown here is a medial view of the brain. The prosencephalon, or forebrain, is shown. The cerebral cortex is another name for the same thing except that Gray included the diencephalon in addition to the cerebral cortex. In other words, the prosencephalon consists of both the diencephalon and the cerebral cortex. This anatomical drawing from Yahoo Reference is a century old. The anatomical terminology is that of Henry Gray, the brilliant 19th century British anatomist.
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