Brief Biographies

Unfortunately there have been many brilliant scientists for whom I have not been able to find a clipart picture of yet. Many of these were scientists whose theories were never accepted. I will mention these scientists in text articles in the website.
Linus Pauling was trying to end cancer, but it ended him, unfortunately, in 1994. Pauling was born in 1901. In 1957 he published "No More War", which was an indictment of nuclear testing in the atmosphere. This did not enamore him with the Eisenhowere administration, which was polluting the atmosphere with these tests. It was not until JFK was elected that the government realized that he was right. JFK signed a nuclear test ban treaty.

Here is a photo of Pauling in 1987 after he was famous world wide. It is presented courtesy of the National Library of Medicine. Pauling won the Nobel prize for chemistry in 1954. He won the Nobel peace prize in 1962. In 1968 he published a very controversial paper introducing "orthomolecular" medicine.

Shown here is Barbra Bush, who feels that she has a "beautiful mind". She does not seem to realize that the book "A Beautiful Mind" was about a schizophrenic! She is the Mother of President Bush.

Shown here is one of Shulgin's books. This book created such a sensation that the Shulgins wrote TiHKAL as a sequel. The sequel includes drugs not dealt with in PiHKAL. The odd name is short for "Phenethylamines I Have Known and Loved". Why he loves these terrible drugs is not clear.

The original book on phenethylamines was published in 1991. The sequel was published in 1997.

I decided to include a famous patient in the biographies because I felt that women should be represented. Shown here is an orange Andy Warhol painting of Marilyn Monroe. She supposedly died of suicide according to coroner Noguchi, but Noguchi could not find any traces of drugs in her stomach. There were no needle marks. What may have happened is that she was murdered using a drug-laced suppository. According to the book Double Cross, gangster Sam Giancana arranged the murder, possibly at the request of the CIA. An attempt was made to taint the Kennedys, but this attempt largely failed. It seems that the CIA had wanted to use Monroe to compromise foreign leaders, but Monroe was threatening to spill the beans.

This photo shows Dr. Julius Axelrod of the United States with other Nobel Prize winners. Axelrod, who is still alive but retired, was a brilliant neuroscientist. He was not as controversial as Pauling, however. Axelrod accepted the use of drugs, which is sometimes called "xenobiotic" medicine. This author (Olson) accepts the use of drugs but feels that the drugs need to be improved due to horrendous side effects with some of them, particularly with psychiatric drugs. Axelrod was the pride and joy of NIMH (National Institute of Mental Health). Like Pauling, he had a Ph. D.

Shown here is Dr. Alexander Shulgin, author of "The Botany and Chemistry of Hallucinogens" as well as other books. Shulgin and his wife research drugs. Shulgin has come under intense scrutiny by the government for creating drugs of abuse. Shulgin is still alive and actively researching drugs. The clipart is from fUSION Anomaly website. The title of their website is itself an anomaly.

Shown here is the drug MDMA, also called "Ecstacy". The clipart is from the Utopian Pharmacology website. MDMA was invented by Dr. Shulgin. The drug has been like Dr. Frankenstein's monster. Shulgin may have meant well, but he created a mental monster of abuse.

Shown here is Dr. Richard Wurtman of MIT, an expert on tryptophan and on aspartame. The clipart is from Online Newshour website.

Shown here on the right is Mark Vonnegut, the photo being from Mark Vonnegut Pediatrics website. On the left is another doctor who works with him in Braintree. Mark is the son of the famous writer Kurt Vonnegut. Mark wrote "The Eden Express", which was an account of his mental illness and his recovery using orthomolecular psychiatry. After that he became a doctor.